Once a child has mastered the concept of 1-9, the concept of 0 and the basic idea of putting groups together and separating groups (adding and subtracting), they are ready to work with 4 digit numbers.
Primary:
Mathematics begins at or close to the child's 4th birthday:
Number
Rods
Sandpaper
Numerals (ciphers)
Number
Rods and Cards
Spindle
Boxes
Zero
Activity
Cards
and Counters
Memory
Game of Numbers (Chit Game)
Decimal System - 4.5-5.5
Introduction
to the Decimal System
Introduction
to the Bead Material
Introduction
to the Card Material
Formation
of Numbers
Change
Game (with golden beads - exchanging; the Bank Game is an elementary work with colored cards)
Addition
with the Golden Beads
Subtraction
with the Golden Beads
Multiplication
with the Golden Beads
Division
with the Golden Beads
Long
Division with Bows
Stamp
Game Addition
Stamp
Game Subtraction
Stamp
Game Multiplication
Stamp
Game Division
Dot
Game
Word
Problems
Counting - 4.5-5.0
Teens
Stage I: Teen Boards 11-19
Teens
Stage II: Teen Boards 11-19
Teens
Stage III: Teen Beads and Boards 11-99
Tens
Stage I: Tens Boards 10-90
Tens
Stage II: Tens Beads and Boards 10-90
Tens
Stage III: Tens Beads and Boards 11-99
Linear
Counting: Stage I – Hundred Chain
Linear
Counting: Stage II – Thousand Chain
Skip
Counting
Memorization - 5.0-6.0
Addition
Snake Game
Addition
Strip Board
Addition
Charts
Subtraction
Snake Game
Subtraction
Strip Board
Subtraction
Charts
Multiplication
with Bead Bars
Multiplication
Board
Multiplication
Charts
Unit
Division Board
Division
Charts
Passage to Abstraction - 5.5-6.0 (leads into elementary as well)
Small
Bead Frame
Wooden
Hierarchical Material
Large
Bead Frame
Division
with Racks and Tubes
Fractions - 4.5+
Introduction
to Fractions
Fraction: Simple Operations
(there is also design work with the fraction materials, leading to concepts of equivalencies - design work begins shortly after introduction to the metal insets)
Elementary - covering ages 6-12 years:
I.
Introduction
5th Great Lesson: The Story of Numbers
II.
Early Work - Numeration
Wooden Hierarchical Material
Large Bead Frame: Introduction
Exercises I-IV
Commutative and Distributive Laws of Multiplication
Multiples
Least Common Multiples
Factors
Last Steps of Least Common Multiples to Abstraction
Divisibility: by 2, 5, 25
By 4, 8
By 3, 9, prime numbers, 7, 11
Measurement
III.
Operations
Long Multiplication
Large Bead Frame
Bank Game
Flat Bead Frame
Checker Board: Exercises 1 & 2
Geometrical Form of Multiplication
Category Multiplication
Long Division
Distributive Division with Racks and Tubes
Group Division
Group Division & Word Problems w/ the Fraction
Material
IV.
Squares and Cubes of Numbers
Prerequisites to Squares and Cubes of Numbers
Notation of Squares
Notation of Cubes
Games 1-3
Game 4: Decanomial
Square
Paper Decanomial
Sums Using Squares and Cubes
V.
Fractions
Introduction to Fractions (review if received in primary)
Equivalence of Fractions
Simple Operations
Addition & Subtraction of Fraction w/ Different
Denominators
Exercises Leading to Abstraction of the
Above
Multiplication of a Fraction by a Fraction
Division by a Fraction
Notes on the Fraction Charts
VI.
Decimal Fractions
Quantity
Symbol Linked to Quantity
Formation and Reading
Operations
Conversion of Common Fractions to Decimal Fractions
Effects of Multiplying or Dividing Numbers by Powers of 10
Multiplying a Decimal Fraction by a Decimal Fraction
Introduction to the Decimal Checkerboard
The Decimal Checkerboard
Relative Size of Terms in a Multiplication Problem
Relative Size of Numbers When You Are Dividing
Division of a Decimal Fraction by a Decimal Fraction
Leading to Abstraction of Multiplication of Decimal Fractions
Division of a Decimal Fraction on Paper
VII.
Squaring and Cubing
Squaring
Transformation of a Square, Ex 1-6
Passing From One Square
Squaring a Sum
Squaring with a Hierarchical Value
Cubing
Passing From One Cube to Another
Cubing a Binomial
Cubing a Trinomial
Cubing a Quadrinomial
Cubing a Trinomial having Numerical Value
The Story of the Three Kings
Cubing a Number with Decimal Value
Square Roots
Introduction to the Concept
Exercises 1-3
Backtracking
Passages to Abstraction
Special Cases
Rule
Cube Roots
Concept
Exercise 1
Exercise 2: 3 digit roots
Exercise 3: Last Steps Towards Abstraction
VIII.
Other Topics
Signed Numbers
Powers of Numbers
Powers of 2
Powers of 3
Powers of 10
Operations Using Exponential Notation
Expanded Power Notation
Operations Using Expanded Power Notation
Other Number Bases
Numeration
Operations
Conversion
Ratio and Proportion
Word Problems
Introduction to Word Problems
Distance/Velocity/Time
Principal/Interest/Rate/Time
Introduction to Algebra
UPDATE: See a math topic missing? Browse our other Montessori Nuggets, as I have upcoming Nuggets on this topic; then post in comments and I'll reply with where it is found within the albums --- not all Mathematics topics are found in the math album ;)
Be sure to check the reaction boxes below this post - this provides me some feedback of what you'd all like to see!
Excellent post. Thank you for putting it all into a concise outline. Hope to see more "Table of Contents" for other areas of study.
ReplyDeleteMore coming :) I am looking to do each one as a combination of primary and elementary to show the complete flow from one plane of development to the next.
ReplyDeleteIf you (or anyone) has a particular area you'd like to see addressed that would fit with the theme here, please let me know. In particular along the lines of "top questions for new Montessori parents or teachers - or those seeking information on Montessori". :)
This is so useful post! Thank you!
ReplyDeleteStill learning here... we started Montessori "late" (always parented in the 'style' but haven't formally homeschooled Montessori until my son was about 5 ish). Does that mean I'm destined to constantly catch up with him? Even now at 5.5 y.o. he resists academics (sitting down to read on his own and is still struggling with memorizing numbers - 0 thru 9 is pretty good, but is just now starting to get a handle on teens & up recognition). I'd like to continue Montessori, but I worry that if the tools I have will no longer work since he's out of the sensitive periods, I may need to seek out an alternative.
ReplyDeleteBy the end of your first year of elementary, it won't be "playing catch up" so much - you'll see :)
ReplyDeleteThere is a point where you have to let go of everything he COULD have had in primary because he is moving into the second plane and the quality of his needs change.
At 5, they like humor, they like games. I had 5 and 6 year olds during my student teaching who were "behind" so to speak; I had them start over with the sensorial album and focused on the games - they ate it up! Especially when there was a little trick or catch for us all to laugh about in the end.
For mathematics materials - the core materials continue into elementary (golden beads, colored bead bars, chains/cubes/squares, fraction insets); and while there is a remediation section, again, at some point he just moves on to the next thing and he will be totally FINE.